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1 initium
I.A beginning, commencement (syn.: principium, exordium).A.Lit.:B.bonis initiis orsus tribunatus, tristes exitus habuit consulatus,
id. Brut. 34, 128:initio accusationis,
id. de Or. 1, 26, 121:initium capere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1:dicendi initium sumere,
Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 1:facere initium confligendi,
id. Phil. 14, 14, 36:caedis initium ab aliquo facere,
id. ib. 5, 7, 20:male ponere initia,
id. Att. 10, 18, 2:ducere ab aliqua re,
id. ib. 9, 9, 2:ab initio res quem ad modum facta sint, exponemus,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 14: ab ultimo initio [p. 956] repetere, Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:seditionem ab altiore initio repetam,
Tac. H. 2, 27:quia initio caedis orto difficilis modus,
id. ib. 1, 39.— Pleon.: querellae ab initio tantae ordiendae rei absint, Liv. praef. § 12; cf.:prima initia incohare,
id. 3, 54, 9:primum initium certaminis,
id. 6, 12, 10. — The abl. sing. is used adverbially, in the beginning, at first:quemadmodum senatus initio censuit,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 4:redeo ad illud quod initio scripsi,
id. ib. 1, 7, 5; Nep. Thras. 1, 5; id. Tim. 3, 1; id. Alc. 5, 3; Curt. 3, 8, 17 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 475. —Transf.1.Constituent parts, elements:2.inde est indagatio nata initiorum, et tamquam seminum, unde essent omnia orta, generata, concreta,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69: illa initia, et, ut e Graeco vertam, elementa dicuntur ( = stoicheia), id. Ac. 1, 7, 26;so of death: Augustus in sua resolutus initia,
Vell. 2, 123, 3. —First principles, elements cf a science:3.illa initia mathematicorum, quibus non concessis digitum progredi non possunt,
Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 116.—Beginning, origin:4.quomodo initium nobis rerum omnium ortus noster adferat, sic exitum mors, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:natus obscurissimis initiis,
Vell. 2, 761; cf.: pauca ab initio causisque talium facinorum non absurda, which relate to the origin, etc., Tac. H. 4, 48.—Auspices, because with them everything was begun; hence, the beginning of a reign:II.novis initiis et ominibus opus est,
i. e. of a new king, Curt. 5, 9, 4.—Secret sacred rites, sacred mysteries, to which only the initiated were admitted:B.initia vocantur potissimum ea, quae Cereri fiunt sacra,
Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 5:initia Cereris,
Liv. 31, 47, 2; cf.39, 8, 5: nihil melius illis mysteriis, quibus ex agresti immanique vita exculti ad humanitatem et mitigati sumus, initiaque ut appellantur, ita re vera principia vitae cognovimus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 36; Just. 2, 6:initia Samothracum,
Curt. 8, 1, 12:initiis pacis, foedus cum feritur,
Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 9.—Things ( musical instruments) used in celebrating these mysteries:Typanum, tubam, Cybele, tua, mater, initia,
Cat. 63, 9.
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